The heat load calculator applies the five-component method from ASHRAE Handbook — Refrigeration 2022, Chapter 24: (1) transmission load through walls, floor, ceiling, and doors using the entered panel U-values; (2) infiltration load via the Gosney & Olama (1975) empirical ACH model adjusted for door width, height, and protection factor; (3) product pull-down load from entered commodity, initial temperature, and pull-down period; (4) internal gains from lighting, motors, and occupants; (5) a 10% safety factor. Ambient design temperatures for major U.S. metros use ASHRAE 0.4% design dry-bulb values. Panel U-values are calculated from entered thickness and λ = 0.022 W/m·K (ASTM C518 declared aged value for Foster's foamed-in-place polyurethane panel). Results are validated within ±20% of Heatcraft NROES, Copeland AE-103, Danfoss Coolselector®2, and Bitzer Software for typical commercial walk-in geometries.
References: ASHRAE Refrigeration Handbook 2022 Ch. 24; Gosney & Olama (1975) Int. J. Refrigeration; ASTM C518; IEC 60335-2-89:2019.